Spine Nerve Conditions
Sciatica
Understanding Pain Radiating Down the Leg
Sciatica is one of the most common symptoms patients experience when a spinal nerve root in the lower back becomes irritated or compressed. It refers to pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, which travels from the lumbar spine through the buttock and down the back of the leg. At Desert Spine and Pain, we understand how disruptive sciatica can be — making it difficult to sit, stand, or sleep comfortably. Under the care of Dr. David L. Greenwald, M.D., FAANS, FACS, a nationally recognized neurosurgeon, our Phoenix-based team provides precise diagnosis, conservative-first treatment, and advanced minimally invasive surgical options when needed.
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What is Sciatica?
Sciatica is not a diagnosis but a symptom of an underlying condition that compresses or irritates the lumbar nerve roots (most commonly L4, L5, or S1). It often affects just one side of the body, though it can affect both in rare cases.
Causes and Risk Factors
Herniated disc – The most common cause of sciatica See Herniated Disc
Spinal stenosis – Narrowing of the spinal canal See Spinal Stenosis
Spondylolisthesis – Slipped vertebra compressing nerve roots
Degenerative disc disease – Loss of disc height narrowing nerve pathways
Bone spurs (osteophytes) – From arthritis
Trauma – Falls or injuries that compress the nerve
Tumors or cysts – Rare but possible causes
Symptoms of Sciatica
Pain radiating from the lower back into the buttock and down the back of the leg
Burning, stabbing, or shooting pain
Numbness or tingling in the leg or foot
Weakness in the leg or foot (e.g., trouble lifting the foot, known as drop foot)
Pain that worsens with sitting, coughing, or sneezing
Diagnosis
At Desert Spine and Pain, our approach includes:
History & physical exam – Checking posture, gait, reflexes, and strength
Imaging – MRI to visualize discs, nerves, and stenosis; X-rays for alignment; CT in selected cases
Electrodiagnostic testing (EMG/NCV) – When needed to confirm nerve involvement
Treatment Options
Non-Surgical Care
Medications (anti-inflammatories, pain relievers, muscle relaxants)
Physical Therapy for posture, core strength, and stretching
Lifestyle changes (weight management, ergonomics, smoking cessation)
Heat, ice, and activity pacing
Epidural Steroid Injections to reduce inflammation
Surgical Care
If pain is severe, persistent, or associated with progressive weakness:
Microdiscectomy – Removes herniated disc material compressing the nerve
Laminectomy / Foraminotomy – Enlarges narrowed nerve passageways
Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) – Smaller incisions, quicker recovery
Fusion – Only if instability contributes to nerve compression
Recovery Timeline
Conservative care – Many improve in 6–12 weeks with therapy and medications
Injections – Relief may last months and help patients progress in PT
Surgery – MIS procedures may allow return to activity in 4–12 weeks; fusion requires several months
Why Choose Desert Spine and Pain?
Nationally recognized neurosurgeon – Dr. Greenwald brings advanced expertise in diagnosing and treating sciatica
Comprehensive options – From conservative therapies to minimally invasive surgery
Conservative-first philosophy – Surgery only when necessary
Compassionate support – Helping patients feel reassured and confident in their care
Frequently Asked Questions
Is sciatica a disease?
No. Sciatica is a symptom of nerve compression, usually from a disc or stenosis.
Can sciatica heal without surgery?
Yes. Many patients improve with conservative care, including therapy and injections.
How long does sciatica last?
Mild cases may improve within weeks. More severe cases can last months without treatment.
When is surgery needed for sciatica?
If pain persists beyond several weeks, or if there is significant weakness or nerve damage, surgery may be recommended.
How does Desert Spine and Pain treat sciatica differently?
We combine precise diagnostics, conservative-first care, and advanced minimally invasive surgery — all under the leadership of Dr. Greenwald.
Dr. David L. Greenwald, MD
Neuro-Spine Surgeon
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Schedule a Sciatica Consultation
If sciatica is limiting your comfort or movement, Dr. Greenwald and his caring team are ready to help you find relief. We’ll identify the source of your nerve irritation and guide you through a treatment plan tailored to your specific needs. Whether you’re seeking non-surgical solutions or advanced surgical care, we’ll be with you every step of the way. Schedule your consultation today and take the first step toward lasting relief and a healthier, more active life.
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Over 30 Years Experience in Orthopedic & Neuro Spine Surgeries.
Dr. David L. Greenwald, M.D., F.A.C.S.
Neurosurgeon | Spine Surgeon | Regenerative Medicine
Dr. David L. Greenwald, MD, FACS, is a board-certified spine surgeon specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of sciatica, a painful condition caused by irritation or compression of the sciatic nerve—the largest nerve in the body. Sciatica often results in sharp, burning, or radiating pain that travels from the lower back through the hips and down one or both legs. Dr. Greenwald uses advanced diagnostic imaging to determine the exact cause, which may include a herniated disc, spinal stenosis, or degenerative disc disease. He develops personalized treatment plans focused on relieving nerve pressure, reducing inflammation, and restoring mobility through conservative care or minimally invasive surgical techniques when necessary. Patients across South Florida trust Dr. Greenwald for his precision, compassion, and commitment to helping them return to a pain-free life.
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