Spinal Injuries & Trauma

Spondylolisthesis

Understanding Slipped Vertebrae in the Spine

Spondylolisthesis is a condition where one vertebra slips forward over the one below it. Depending on severity, it can cause back pain, nerve compression, and difficulty with movement. At Desert Spine and Pain, we know hearing the words “slipped vertebra” can feel intimidating. But most cases are treatable, and many patients avoid surgery with proper care. Under the leadership of Dr. David L. Greenwald, M.D., FAANS, FACS, a nationally recognized neurosurgeon, our Phoenix-based team provides expert diagnosis, compassionate explanations, and a stepwise treatment plan designed for confidence and long-term relief.

Over 100 5-Star Reviews!

LogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogoLogo

Over 30 Years Experience in Orthopedic & Neuro Spine Surgeries.

What Is Spondylolisthesis?

Spondylolisthesis occurs when a vertebra shifts out of place. It may be:

  • Degenerative – From age-related arthritis and disc changes

  • Isthmic – From a small fracture (spondylolysis) in a part of the vertebra called the pars interarticularis

  • Congenital – Present from birth due to abnormal spinal development

  • Traumatic – From injury or fracture

  • Pathologic – Caused by disease or tumor

  • Postsurgical – Rarely, from prior spine surgery

Causes and Risk Factors

  • Aging / arthritis – Most common cause in adults

  • Repetitive stress – Common in athletes like gymnasts or football players

  • Genetics – Some inherit weaker spinal structures

  • Injury or trauma – Fractures leading to slippage

  • Disc degeneration – Collapsed discs reduce stability

  • Prior surgery – Can rarely cause instability

Symptoms of Spondylolisthesis

  • Lower back pain, often worse with activity

  • Tight hamstrings and reduced flexibility

  • Pain radiating into the buttocks or legs (sciatica)

  • Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the legs

  • Difficulty standing or walking for long periods

  • Severe cases: spinal deformity or difficulty controlling bladder/bowel function

Diagnosis

At Desert Spine and Pain, diagnosis includes:

  1. Medical history & physical exam – Assessing movement, pain, and neurological function

  2. Imaging –

    • X-rays to measure vertebral slippage

    • MRI to evaluate discs and nerves

    • CT scans if bone detail is needed

Treatment Options

Non-Surgical Care

Most patients improve with conservative treatment:

  • Rest and activity modification

  • Medications (anti-inflammatories, pain relievers)

  • Physical Therapy to strengthen the core and stabilize the spine

  • Bracing (for younger patients or instability)

  • Epidural Steroid Injections for nerve irritation

Surgical Care

If pain persists or slippage is severe:

  • Spinal Fusion – Stabilizes the spine and prevents further slippage

  • Decompression (Laminectomy/Foraminotomy) – Relieves pressure on nerves

  • Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) – Smaller incisions, quicker recovery

  • Instrumentation – Screws and rods may be used for stabilization



Recovery Timeline

  • Conservative care – Many patients improve in 6–12 weeks

  • Injections – Relief can last months, often supporting rehab

  • Surgery – MIS recovery often within weeks; fusion may require several months for full bone healing

Why Choose Desert Spine and Pain?

  • Expert neurosurgical care – Dr. Greenwald has advanced expertise treating complex spinal instability

  • Conservative-first philosophy – Surgery only when necessary

  • Advanced minimally invasive options – Faster recovery, less pain, smaller incisions

  • Compassionate care – Helping patients feel reassured and supported

Frequently Asked Questions

What’s the difference between spondylolisthesis and spondylolysis?

Spondylolisthesis is the slippage of a vertebra. Spondylolysis is a fracture in the pars interarticularis that can lead to slippage.


Does spondylolisthesis always need surgery?

No. Many patients improve with therapy, bracing, and injections. Surgery is only for severe or persistent cases.


Can spondylolisthesis get worse over time?

Yes. Untreated instability may worsen, especially with degenerative or traumatic causes.


How is spondylolisthesis graded?

It’s graded based on how far the vertebra has slipped forward (Grade I–IV). Higher grades may require surgery.


How does Desert Spine and Pain treat spondylolisthesis differently?

We provide advanced imaging, conservative-first care, and minimally invasive surgical expertise — led by Dr. Greenwald.

Dr. David L. Greenwald, MD

Neuro-Spine Surgeon

Call Now!

Desert Spine and Pain

A Spine Specialist is standing by.

Relief is just a phone call away!

Available Around the Clock.

Phone: (602) 566-9500

Email: [email protected]

Phoenix, AZ, USA

Contact Us

Schedule a Spondylolisthesis Consultation

If you’re living with pain or nerve symptoms caused by spondylolisthesis, expert care can help you move and feel better. Dr. Greenwald and his caring team are here to identify the cause of your discomfort and create a treatment plan designed to relieve pain and restore stability. Whether your condition requires conservative care or minimally invasive surgery, we’ll be with you every step of the way. Schedule your consultation today and take the first step toward lasting relief and a stronger, more stable spine.

Voted Best Spine Doctor

Over 30 Years Experience in Orthopedic & Neuro Spine Surgeries.

Dr. David L. Greenwald, M.D., F.A.C.S.

Neurosurgeon | Spine Surgeon | Regenerative Medicine

Dr. David L. Greenwald, MD, FACS, is a board-certified spine surgeon specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of spondylolisthesis, a condition in which one vertebra slips forward over the one below it, often causing back pain, nerve compression, and leg symptoms. This condition can result from degenerative changes, congenital defects, or trauma. Dr. Greenwald uses advanced imaging and minimally invasive surgical techniques to accurately assess spinal alignment and relieve nerve pressure when necessary. His treatment plans are tailored to each patient’s unique needs—often beginning with conservative therapies such as physical therapy, core strengthening, and targeted injections before considering surgical stabilization. Patients throughout South Florida trust Dr. Greenwald for his skill, precision, and dedication to restoring spine stability and improving quality of life.

Book your Spine Care Consultation Today!

Desert Spine and Pain

Patient Centered & Partner Focused

Quick Links

© Desert Spine and Pain. 2025. All Rights Reserved.